Item nanme:Sulfadiazine tablets Item character: This product is white or yellowish; The color gradually deepens when encountering light.
Indication:
Sulfonamides are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but because many common clinical pathogens are resistant to these drugs, they are only used for infection caused by sensitive bacteria and other sensitive pathogenic microorganisms.
The indications of sulfadiazine (excluding the compound preparation of such drugs and trimethoprim) are
1. Treatment and prevention of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis caused by sensitive meningococci.
2. Combined with trimethoprim, it can treat otitis media and skin and soft tissue infections caused by sensitive Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and other Streptococcus.
3. Astronocardiosis.
4. Adjuvant drugs for the treatment of chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria.
5. Secondary drugs for the treatment of cervicitis and urethritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
6. Secondary drugs for the treatment of neonatal inclusion body conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
Item specifications: 0.5g*100/box
Usage and dosage:Oral administration:
Adult common dose
(1) Treatment of general infection: 1g once, twice a day, and double the first dose.
(2) Prevention of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis: 1g once, twice a day for 2 days.
Common dose for infants and children over 2 months old
(1) Treatment of general infection: 25 ~ 30mg / kg once according to body weight, twice a day, and the first dose shall be doubled (the total amount shall not exceed 2G).
(2) Prevention of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis: 0.5g per day for 2 ~ 3 days.
Adverse reactions 1. Allergic reactions are common, which can be manifested as drug rash. In severe cases, exudative erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis and bullous epidermolysis atrophic dermatitis can occur; There are also serum disease like reactions such as photosensitive reaction, drug fever, joint and muscle pain and fever.
2. Neutropenia or deficiency, thrombocytopenia and aplastic anemia. Patients may show pharyngeal pain, fever, pallor and bleeding tendency.
3. Hemolytic anemia and hemoglobinuria. Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency are more likely to occur after sulfonamides, which is more common in newborns and children than adults.
4. Hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal nuclear jaundice. Because sulfonamides compete with bilirubin for protein binding sites, free bilirubin can be increased. Neonatal liver function is not perfect, so it is more prone to hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal jaundice, and occasionally nuclear jaundice.
5. Liver damage. Jaundice and liver dysfunction may occur, and acute liver necrosis may occur in severe cases.
6. Kidney damage. Crystalline urine, hematuria and tubular urine can occur. Some patients have serious adverse reactions such as interstitial nephritis or tubular necrosis.
7. Nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, etc. the general symptoms are mild and do not affect the continued use of drugs. Occasionally, the patient has Clostridium difficile enteritis, and the drug needs to be stopped at this time.
8. Goiter and hypothyroidism occur occasionally.
9. Toxic reactions of the central nervous system can occur occasionally, such as insanity, disorientation, hallucination, euphoria or depression. Once it occurs, the drug should be stopped immediately.
Although the serious adverse reactions caused by this product are rare, they can be fatal, such as exudative erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, epidermolysis bullosa atrophic dermatitis, fulminant liver necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and other blood system abnormalities. Close observation should be made during treatment. When rash or other early signs of reaction appear, the drug should be stopped immediately.
Taboo: 1. It is forbidden for those who are allergic to sulfonamides.
2. It is forbidden for pregnant women and lactating women.
3. It is forbidden for infants younger than 2 months.
4. It is forbidden for those with poor liver and kidney function.
Matters needing attention: 1. The following conditions should be used with caution: lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, porphyria, dehydration, shock and elderly patients.
2. Cross allergic reaction. Patients who are allergic to one sulfonamide may be allergic to other sulfonamides.
3. Patients who are allergic to furosemide, sulfones, thiazide diuretics, sulfonylureas and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can also be allergic to sulfonamides.
4. Drink plenty of water every time you take this product. Adequate water intake should also be maintained during taking to maintain the daily urine output of adults at least above 1200ml. If the course of treatment is long and the dose is large, sodium bicarbonate should be taken together with more drinking water.
5. Pay attention to examination during treatment
(1) Complete hemogram examination is particularly important for patients receiving a long course of treatment.
(2) Regular urine examination (routine urine examination every 2 ~ 3 days) during treatment to find crystalline urine that may occur during long-term treatment or high-dose treatment.
(3) Liver and kidney function examination.
6. The blood drug concentration should be measured in patients with severe infection. For most infectious diseases, the concentration of free sulfonamide is 50 ~ 150 μ G / ml (severe infection 120 ~ 150 μ G / ml) can be effective. The total sulfonamide blood concentration should not exceed 200 μ G / ml, if it exceeds this concentration, the incidence of adverse reactions will increase.
7. Due to the low solubility of this product in urine and the increased chance of crystalline urine, it is generally not recommended for the treatment of urinary tract infection.
8. Do not arbitrarily increase the dose, increase the times of medication or extend the course of treatment to prevent cumulative poisoning.
9. Because this product can inhibit the growth of E. coli and hinder the synthesis of B vitamins in the intestine, those who use this product for more than one week should be given vitamin B at the same time to prevent its deficiency.
Medication for pregnant and lactating women: 1. This product can pass through the blood placental barrier to the fetus. It is found to have teratogenic effect in animal experiments. Human research lacks sufficient data, and pregnant women should avoid it.
2. This product can be secreted from milk. The concentration in milk can reach about 50% ~ 100% of the maternal blood drug concentration. The drug may have an impact on suckling infants. The application of this product in newborns with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency may lead to hemolytic anemia. In view of the above reasons, this product should not be used by lactating women..
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